Dynamic multi-dimensional identification of Yunnan droughts and its seasonal scale linkages to the El Niño-Southern Oscillation

Yunnan Province, China. Province (YP) is affected by frequent droughts that severely affect local agriculture and the ecological environment. Therefore, identification of an analysis their driving factors are significant importance for mitigating drought losses guiding agricultural practices. This study identified spatiotemporal distribution dynamic changes in events over YP (period 1961–2018) using severity-area-duration method. The impact El Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) on seasonal lag period were also quantified employing sliding correlation coefficient cross-wavelet 74 during 1961–2018 YP, which mainly short-duration occurred 1980 s 2000 s, most centers located northern eastern parts YP. We found a different periods exist between Oceanic Niño Index (ONI) precipitation Spring years 1990 whilst winter La Niña with up to 12 months.